Comments: The Av. word has a precise meaning: "shaft fastened to the threshing boards"; the first part of the compound goes back to PEC *w-VŁV 'threshing board' (q.v.) (cf. also Kuyad. bol-bo 'threshing board'). Accent paradigm B ~ C (baláha-dul,baláha-bi). Cf. also Kar. Anch. ãχib 'log' - which shows that forms in -m(V) actually go back to the PA plural *ʔaχin-bV.
Comments: Glottalisation is obviously secondary in the specific Tind. cluster -χ:ṭ- (the same concerns the strength of χ: - since strength/weakness are neutralized in Tind. before consonants). -r is a suffix (originally plural or collective).
Comments: The Av. word has a specific meaning: "silk fibres of a cocoon; maize stigmata". In Akhv. (Magomedbekova writes: ažaneq:e) meaning of the component -neq:e is not clear (aža- can be analyzed as aža 'bush', but external evidence clearly shows that it is a folk etymology, due to the merger of *z and *ž in Akhvakh).
Comments: Most forms reflect PA *ʔaza-l (cf. also Cham. Gig. azal, Kar. Tok. ʕazal), but there are also reflexes of other suffixes: *ʔazi-n in Northern Akhv. iži, Ratl. ižin,*ʔaza-r in Tind. azar.
Comments: In most Andian languages this auxiliary verb is prefixless; the only exception is Akhvakh, where class markers are inserted between g- and the root (1st cl. gudi, 2d class gidi etc.).
Comments: The Av. form reflects the Ablaut variant *kʷVn-. In some of the Andian languages the final -n was duplicated in the stem (Akhv., Kar., Botl.). In Av. and And. the verb is both transitive and intransitive; in other Andian languages it is only intransitive.
Comments: Isolated in Akhv., but having possible external parallels. eƛelo is the MSU notation; Magomedbekova writes eƛ:elo which is probably wrong (a misprint or misrecording), since she also notes eʎelo in the Tsegob dialect (where *ƛ > ʎ, but *ƛ: > ƛ:).
Meaning:1 to rub (against smth.) 2 to glide 3 to crawl
Avar:ƛ:urí- 1
Chadakolob:ƛurs- 2
Akhvakh:iƛ:- 1
Chamalal:ƛ:uƛ:a-d- 1
Tindi:ƛ:iƛ:- 1
Karata:ƛ:or- 3
Comments: Stem I (*ʔiƛ:-) is reflected only in Akhv.; other languages reflect either stem II *ƛ:Vr- (cf. also Cham. Gig. ƛ:ur- 'to crawl', Kar. Tok. ƛ:ol- 'to rub, stroke') or a reduplicated stem (cf. also Av. ƛ:uƛ:á- 'to rub'). Stem II *ƛ:V-b- is reflected in Tind. ƛ:ab-d- 'to crawl (on one side)'. Av. > Arch. ƛur-bos 'to rub'. Cf. also similar roots for a) 'to scrape, scratch': Cham. ƛ:an-,ƛ:aƛ:an-, Gig. ƛ:am-; b) 'to sweep': Av. ƛ:- in ƛ:-ux-,ƛ:-uq:á-, Chad. ƛʷa-, And. ƛ:ar-d-, Cham. ƛ:a-d-, Tind. ƛ:ē-, Kar. Tok. ƛ:al-.
Comments: The Cham. form (cited from Bokarev) is most probably a misspelling of *ẽʔa. Av. maħá regularly < *ʔimħá. Cf. perhaps also Tind. huna- 'liquid' ( < *ʔʷinha- ?).
The root also functions as a verb: Av. =iʔVn- (Chad. =iʕVn-) 'to thaw, melt, dissolve', And. =iʔun-, Akhv. =iʔun- id.
Comments: Av. paradigm A (gen. ʕéčul; but Chad. C: ʕočó-l,ʕíča-l). Cf. also Akhv. Ratl. eče, Cham. Gig. miči ( < *ʔimči - the form pointing unambiguously to PA *-m-), Kar. Tok. ʕeči.
Comments: A PA compound (etymology of the first part see under *HmĭɦwV). In Cham. and Tind. -ṭ- > -t- through assimilation. The root reveals some irregularities (variation between strong *c: and weak *č). Tind. ečet > Inkh. ečet in ečet-muqI 'mint'.
Comments: Av. maħ < *ʔVmħ. Conf. also Akhv. Tseg. ʕĩju 'mint'. Most Andian forms go back to a compound *ʔim-č:irṭa (etymology of the second part see under PEC *ć_VṭVrV). Av. > Bezht. mäħ 'smell'.
